Network Topology
A network
topology is the arrangement with which computer system or network devices are
connected to each other.
Topologies
may define both physical and logical aspect of the network. Both logical and
physical topologies could be same or different in a same network.
Topologies provides a different configurative that are used to create a network. A network, is a group of devices connected by communication paths to exchange information and share resources topology is a pattern of computer devices and describe the way in which these devices are connected, Topology can be physical or logical physical topologies of network refers to configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals, while logical topology is now the network behaves interoperate.
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Types of Network Topology
· Bus Topology
· Star Topology
· Ring Topology
· Mesh Topology
· Tree Topology
BUS TOPOLOGY
Bus topology
is also called a linear bus. In a bus topology device, share common backbone
cable to send and receive data. A thick co-axial cable used to connect all
devices. In bus topology every computer is connected to a single communication
cable or device in the network. This topology is commonly used along with the local
area network.
Bus topology
uses daisy chain scheme to add more devices in a network. In this scheme device
1 is connected to device 2 and 2 is connected to 3. The first and last devices
are connected to 50 ohm terminator resister
ADVANTAGE
· Easy to connect a device to linear
bus.
· Less expensive than other topology.
· Work better for smaller network.
DISADVANTAGE
· Limited no. of devices can be
attached.
· Difficult to delete the faulty device.
· Entire network get affected if there
is a break in the main cable.
· Expensive than a single node topology.
STAR TOPOLOGY
In a star
network, several devices or computer are connected to one centralized computer
or to a central connection. Points know as hob manages and control all the
function of the network. Devices attached to the hob by using either copper
cables or fibre optic cables. It provides cost effective method for sharing
information between different users. It is used in airline reservation counter
and small business office.
ADVANTAGE
· Easy to install and wire.
· No description to the network then
connecting and removing device.
· Easy to detect faults and to remove
parts.
DISADVANTAGE
· More expansive.
· Hob failure leads to network failure.
· Increased device make the network
slow.
RING TOPOLOGY
In a ring
network, several devices or computer are connected to each other by a single
communication cable, it is also called 100p network data flows in only one
direction clockwise or anticlockwise. Each device acts as repeater in the ring
topology. In a ring topology, collisions are avoided as only one device is allowed
to transmit at a time.
ADVANTAGES
· Easier to manage as compared to bus
network
· No terminators are required
· Provide good communication over a
long distance.
DISADVANTAGE
· More cable wires composed to bus
topology are required
· One faulty device affects the whole
network
MESH TOPOLOGY
In a mesh
topology, each device is connected to each other or networks have point to
point connection between every device in the device network. I this topology
data sent by the device can take any possible paths to reach the destination.
Mesh
topology is not used commonly because of its complex structure. WAN is an
example of mesh topology. Tit is a inter connection of multiple LANS.
ADVANTAGES
· Entire network does not get affected
by one faulty device.
· Easy to detect the faulty device.
DISADVANTAGE
· More cabling is required as compared
to bus, star and ring topologies.
· Very expensive as compare to bus,
star and ring topologies.
· Difficult to reconfigure.
TREE TOPOLOGY
In a tree
topology computers are linked in a hierarchical manner. Therefore it is called
a hierarchical network or tree topology combines characteristics of linear bus
and star topology. It consults of star configured workstation connected to a
linear bus backbone cable.
ADVANTAGE
· Easy to expand a network.
· Easy to detect a faulty device.
DISADANTAGE
· Fault in a backbone affects the
entire network.
· More expansive than other topologies.
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